Filling bars with color
ggplot(___) +
geom_col(
mapping = aes(x = ___, y = ___,
fill = ___)
)Like other geoms geom_col() allows users to map additional dataset variables to the color attribute of the bar. The fill aesthetic can be used to fill the entire bars with color. A usual confusion is the color aesthetic which specifies the line color of each bar’s border instead of the fill color.
Based on the gapminder_top5 dataset we plot the population (in millions) of the biggest countries and use the continent variable to color each bar:
ggplot(gapminder_top5) + geom_col(aes(x = country, y = pop, fill = continent))
Since the continent variable is a categorical variable the bars have a clear color scheme for each continent. Let’s see what happens if we use a numeric variable like life expectancy lifeExp instead:
ggplot(gapminder_top5) + geom_col(aes(x = country, y = pop, fill = lifeExp))
The bar colors have now changed according the continuous legend on the right. We see that also numeric variables can be used to fill bars.