Statistical Power Analysis for Multisite Randomized Trials with 3 Arms
Multisite randomized trials (MRT) are a type of multilevel design for the situation when the entire cluster is randomly assigned to either a treatment arm or a contral arm (Liu, 2013). The data from MRT can be analyzed in a two-level hierachical linear model, where the indicator variable for reatment assignment is included in first level. If a study contains multiple treatments, then mutiple indicators will be used. This function is for designs with 3 arms (i.e., two treatments and a control). Three types of tests are considered in the function: (1) The "main" type tests treatment main effect; (2) The "treatment" type tests the difference between the two treaments; and (3) The "omnibus" type tests whether the three arms are all equivalent. Details leading to power calculation can be found in Raudenbush (1997) and Liu (2013).
wp.mrt3arm(n = NULL, f1 = NULL, f2 = NULL, J = NULL, tau = NULL,
sg2 = NULL, power = NULL, alpha = 0.05, alternative = c("two.sided",
"one.sided"), type = c("main", "treatment", "omnibus"))n |
Sample size. It is the number of individuals within each cluster. |
f1 |
Effect size for treatment main effect. Effect size must be positive. |
f2 |
Effect size for the difference between two treatments. Effect size must be positive. |
J |
Number of clusters / sites. It tells how many clusters are considered in the study design. At least two clusters are required. |
tau |
Variance of treatment effects across sites/clusters. |
sg2 |
Level-one error Variance. The residual variance in the first level. |
power |
Statistical power. |
alpha |
significance level chosed for the test. It equals 0.05 by default. |
alternative |
Type of the alternative hypothesis ( |
type |
Type of effect ( |
An object of the power analysis.
Liu, X. S. (2013). Statistical power analysis for the social and behavioral sciences: basic and advanced techniques. Routledge.
Raudenbush, S. W. (1997). Statistical analysis and optimal design for cluster randomized trials. Psychological Methods, 2(2), 173.
Zhang, Z., & Yuan, K.-H. (2018). Practical Statistical Power Analysis Using Webpower and R (Eds). Granger, IN: ISDSA Press.
#To calculate the statistical power given sample size and effect size:
#For main effect
wp.mrt3arm(n = 30, f1 = 0.43, J = 20, tau = 0.4,
sg2 = 2.25, alpha = 0.05, power = NULL)
# Multisite randomized trials with 3 arms
#
# J n f1 tau sg2 power alpha
# 20 30 0.43 0.4 2.25 0.8066964 0.05
#
# NOTE: n is the number of subjects per cluster
# URL: http://psychstat.org/mrt3arm
#For tesing difference between effects
wp.mrt3arm(n = 30, f2 = 0.2, J = 20, tau = 0.4, sg2 = 2.25,
alpha = 0.05, power = NULL, type="treatment")
# Multisite randomized trials with 3 arms
#
# J n f2 tau sg2 power alpha
# 20 30 0.2 0.4 2.25 0.2070712 0.05
#
# NOTE: n is the number of subjects per cluster
# URL: http://psychstat.org/mrt3arm
#For testing site variablity
wp.mrt3arm(n = 30, f1=0.43, f2 = 0.2, J = 20, tau = 0.4, sg2 = 2.25,
alpha = 0.05, power = NULL, type="omnibus")
# Multisite randomized trials with 3 arms
#
# J n f1 f2 tau sg2 power alpha
# 20 30 0.43 0.2 0.4 2.25 0.7950757 0.05
#
# NOTE: n is the number of subjects per cluster
# URL: http://psychstat.org/mrt3arm
#To generate a power curve given a sequence of numbers of sites/clusters:
res <- wp.mrt3arm(n = 30, f2 = 0.2, J = seq(20,120,10), tau = 0.4,
sg2 = 2.25, alpha = 0.05, power = NULL, type="treatment")
res
# Multisite randomized trials with 3 arms
#
# J n f2 tau sg2 power alpha
# 20 30 0.2 0.4 2.25 0.2070712 0.05
# 30 30 0.2 0.4 2.25 0.2953799 0.05
# 40 30 0.2 0.4 2.25 0.3804554 0.05
# 50 30 0.2 0.4 2.25 0.4603091 0.05
# 60 30 0.2 0.4 2.25 0.5337417 0.05
# 70 30 0.2 0.4 2.25 0.6001544 0.05
# 80 30 0.2 0.4 2.25 0.6593902 0.05
# 90 30 0.2 0.4 2.25 0.7116052 0.05
# 100 30 0.2 0.4 2.25 0.7571648 0.05
# 110 30 0.2 0.4 2.25 0.7965644 0.05
# 120 30 0.2 0.4 2.25 0.8303690 0.05
#
# NOTE: n is the number of subjects per cluster
# URL: http://psychstat.org/mrt3arm
#To plot the power curve:
plot(res)
#To calculate the required sample size given power and effect size:
wp.mrt3arm(n = NULL, f1 = 0.43, J = 20, tau = 0.4,
sg2 = 2.25, alpha = 0.05, power = 0.8)
# Multisite randomized trials with 3 arms
#
# J n f1 tau sg2 power alpha
# 20 28.61907 0.43 0.4 2.25 0.8 0.05
#
# NOTE: n is the number of subjects per cluster
# URL: http://psychstat.org/mrt3armPlease choose more modern alternatives, such as Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox.