Evaluate solution importance using rarity weighted richness scores
Calculate importance scores for planning units selected in a solution using rarity weighted richness scores (based on Williams et al. 1996). This method is only recommended for large-scaled conservation planning exercises (i.e. more than 100,000 planning units) where importance scores cannot be calculated using other methods in a feasible period of time. This is because rarity weighted richness scores cannot (i) account for the cost of different planning units, (ii) account for multiple management zones, and (iii) identify truly irreplaceable planning units— unlike the replacement cost metric which does not suffer any of these limitations.
eval_rare_richness_importance(x, solution, ...) ## S4 method for signature 'ConservationProblem,numeric' eval_rare_richness_importance(x, solution, rescale, ...) ## S4 method for signature 'ConservationProblem,matrix' eval_rare_richness_importance(x, solution, rescale, ...) ## S4 method for signature 'ConservationProblem,data.frame' eval_rare_richness_importance(x, solution, rescale, ...) ## S4 method for signature 'ConservationProblem,Spatial' eval_rare_richness_importance(x, solution, rescale, ...) ## S4 method for signature 'ConservationProblem,sf' eval_rare_richness_importance(x, solution, rescale, ...) ## S4 method for signature 'ConservationProblem,Raster' eval_rare_richness_importance(x, solution, rescale, ...)
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solution |
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Rarity weighted richness scores are calculated using the following terms. Let I denote the set of planning units (indexed by i), let J denote the set of conservation features (indexed by j), let r_{ij} denote the amount of feature j associated with planning unit i, and let m_j denote the maximum value of feature j in r_{ij} in all planning units i \in I. To calculate the rarity weighted richness (RWR) for planning unit k:
RWRk = sum_j^J ( (rik / mj) / sum_i^I rij)
A numeric
, matrix
, data.frame
RasterLayer
, Spatial
,
or sf::sf()
object containing the importance scores for each planning
unit in the solution. Specifically, the returned object is in the
same format as the planning unit data in the argument to x
.
Broadly speaking, the argument to solution
must be in the same format as
the planning unit data in the argument to x
.
Further details on the correct format are listed separately
for each of the different planning unit data formats:
x
has numeric
planning unitsThe argument to solution
must be a
numeric
vector with each element corresponding to a different planning
unit. It should have the same number of planning units as those
in the argument to x
. Additionally, any planning units missing
cost (NA
) values should also have missing (NA
) values in the
argument to solution
.
x
has matrix
planning unitsThe argument to solution
must be a
matrix
vector with each row corresponding to a different planning
unit, and each column correspond to a different management zone.
It should have the same number of planning units and zones
as those in the argument to x
. Additionally, any planning units
missing cost (NA
) values for a particular zone should also have a
missing (NA
) values in the argument to solution
.
x
has Raster
planning unitsThe argument to solution
be a Raster
object where different grid cells (pixels) correspond
to different planning units and layers correspond to
a different management zones. It should have the same dimensionality
(rows, columns, layers), resolution, extent, and coordinate reference
system as the planning units in the argument to x
. Additionally,
any planning units missing cost (NA
) values for a particular zone
should also have missing (NA
) values in the argument to solution
.
x
has data.frame
planning unitsThe argument to solution
must
be a data.frame
with each column corresponding to a different zone,
each row corresponding to a different planning unit, and cell values
corresponding to the solution value. This means that if a data.frame
object containing the solution also contains additional columns, then
these columns will need to be subsetted prior to using this function
(see below for example with sf::sf()
data).
Additionally, any planning units missing cost
(NA
) values for a particular zone should also have missing (NA
)
values in the argument to solution
.
x
has Spatial
planning unitsThe argument to solution
must be a Spatial
object with each column corresponding to a
different zone, each row corresponding to a different planning unit, and
cell values corresponding to the solution value. This means that if the
Spatial
object containing the solution also contains additional
columns, then these columns will need to be subsetted prior to using this
function (see below for example with sf::sf()
data).
Additionally, the argument to solution
must also have the same
coordinate reference system as the planning unit data.
Furthermore, any planning units missing cost
(NA
) values for a particular zone should also have missing (NA
)
values in the argument to solution
.
x
has sf::sf()
planning unitsThe argument to solution
must be
a sf::sf()
object with each column corresponding to a different
zone, each row corresponding to a different planning unit, and cell values
corresponding to the solution value. This means that if the
sf::sf()
object containing the solution also contains additional
columns, then these columns will need to be subsetted prior to using this
function (see below for example).
Additionally, the argument to solution
must also have the same
coordinate reference system as the planning unit data.
Furthermore, any planning units missing cost
(NA
) values for a particular zone should also have missing (NA
)
values in the argument to solution
.
Williams P, Gibbons D, Margules C, Rebelo A, Humphries C, and Pressey RL (1996) A comparison of richness hotspots, rarity hotspots and complementary areas for conserving diversity using British birds. Conservation Biology, 10: 155–174.
## Not run: # seed seed for reproducibility set.seed(600) # load data data(sim_pu_raster, sim_pu_sf, sim_features) # create minimal problem with raster planning units p1 <- problem(sim_pu_raster, sim_features) %>% add_min_set_objective() %>% add_relative_targets(0.1) %>% add_binary_decisions() %>% add_default_solver(gap = 0, verbose = FALSE) # solve problem s1 <- solve(p1) # print solution print(s1) # plot solution plot(s1, main = "solution", axes = FALSE, box = FALSE) # calculate importance scores rwr1 <- eval_rare_richness_importance(p1, s1) # print importance scores print(rwr1) # plot importance scores plot(rwr1, main = "rarity weighted richness", axes = FALSE, box = FALSE) # create minimal problem with polygon (sf) planning units p2 <- problem(sim_pu_sf, sim_features, cost_column = "cost") %>% add_min_set_objective() %>% add_relative_targets(0.05) %>% add_binary_decisions() %>% add_default_solver(gap = 0, verbose = FALSE) # solve problem s2 <- solve(p2) # print solution print(s2) # plot solution plot(s2[, "solution_1"], main = "solution") # calculate importance scores rwr2 <- eval_rare_richness_importance(p2, s2[, "solution_1"]) # plot importance scores plot(rwr2, main = "rarity weighted richness") ## End(Not run)
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