st_rasterize(
  sf,
  template = guess_raster(sf, ...) %||% st_as_stars(st_bbox(sf), values = NA_real_,
    ...),
  file = tempfile(),
  driver = "GTiff",
  options = character(0),
  ...
)

demo(nc, echo = FALSE, ask = FALSE)
(x = st_rasterize(nc)) # default grid:
plot(x, axes = TRUE)
# a bit more customized grid:
(x = st_rasterize(nc, st_as_stars(st_bbox(nc), nx = 100, ny = 50, values = NA_real_)))
plot(x, axes = TRUE)
(ls = st_sf(a = 1:2, st_sfc(st_linestring(rbind(c(0.1, 0), c(1.1, 1))),
   st_linestring(rbind(c(0, 0.05), c(1, 0.05))))))
(grd = st_as_stars(st_bbox(ls), nx = 10, ny = 10, xlim = c(0, 1.0), ylim = c(0, 1),
   values = NA_real_))
# Only the left-top corner is part of the grid cell:
sf_extSoftVersion()["GDAL"]
plot(st_rasterize(ls, grd), axes = TRUE, reset = FALSE) # ALL_TOUCHED=FALSE; 
plot(ls, add = TRUE, col = "red")
plot(st_rasterize(ls, grd, options = "ALL_TOUCHED=TRUE"), axes = TRUE, reset = FALSE)
plot(ls, add = TRUE, col = "red")
# add lines to existing 0 values, summing values in case of multiple lines:
(grd = st_as_stars(st_bbox(ls), nx = 10, ny = 10, xlim = c(0, 1.0), ylim = c(0, 1), values = 0))
r = st_rasterize(ls, grd, options = c("MERGE_ALG=ADD", "ALL_TOUCHED=TRUE"))
plot(r, axes = TRUE, reset = FALSE)
plot(ls, add = TRUE, col = "red")